de Brus / de Bruce
Gisborough Priory* | Robert
de Brus 1st Lord of Annandale was
born about 1078 and died
1141. He was an early 12th century Norman baron and knight, the first
of the Bruce dynasty of Scotland and England. Historians today maintain
that Robert de Brus may have come from Brix, Manche, near Cherbourg in
the Cotentin Peninsula, and came to Britain after King Henry I of
England's conquest of Normandy, about the same time as Alan fitz Flaad, ancestor of the Stewarts/Stuart Royal Families). Lordship of Annandale was established by David I, King of Scotland. 1 "By 1160, the Anglo-Norman de Brus (Bruce) family, had become the Lords of Annandale. Robert de Brus Lord of Skelton in the Cleveland area of Yorkshire, was a notable figure at the court of King Henry I of England, where he became intimate with Prince David of Scotland, that monarch's brother-in-law. When the Prince became King David I of Scotland, in 1124, Bruce obtained from him the Lordship of Annandale, and great possessions in the south of Scotland. He is said to have married, Agnes, daughter of Geoffrey Bainard, Sheriff of York and secondly, Agnes, daughter and heiress of Fulk de Pagnall, Lord of Carleton, North Yorkshire. |
Robert de Brus possibly had two sons. It is not clear by which wife the children were borne.
| |
Robert de Brus 2nd Lord of Annandale,"the Cadet", flourished 1138, died in 1194. He was the son of Robert de Brus 1st Lord of Annandale. His wife was Eufemia de Aumale, daughter of Ingleram de Aumale, born 1111 in Aumale, Seine-Maritime, France and was the son of Stephen Count of Aumale, born before 1070 and died 1127. Stephen's wife was Hawise de Mortimer in 1138, b: about 1083 in Herfordshire, England. Robert's father, (the 1st Lord of Annandale) renounced his allegiance to David I when he invaded England before the 5Battle of the Standard to support his niece Matilda's claim to the English throne against that of King Stephen. Robert II. Robert de Brus 2nd (the son) remained loyal to David and took over his father's holdings in Scotland. Robert was buried at Gisborough Priory in the North Riding, Yorkshire, England, a monastery founded by his father Robert I de Brus.
Robert de Brus and Eufemia de Aumale, had five children:
- Robert III de Brus died circa 1191 was the oldest son of Robert de Brus, 2nd Lord of Annandale and predeceased his father did not inherit the lordship of Annandale, which passed to his brother, William de Brus, 3rd Lord. He married in 1183, Isabella Mac William (Isibéal inghean Uilleim), illegitimate daughter of King William I of Scotland through the latter's liaison with a daughter of Robert Avenel lord of Eskdale. There were no children.
- William de Brus, 3rd Lord of Annandale, who died 16 July 1212.
- Bernard
- Agatha
- Euphemia
- Robert de Brus 4th Lord of Annandale born about 1195
- William de Brus
Robert de Brewes 4th Lord of Annandale was buried in Gisborough Priory or in Saltre Abbey, near Stilton, Gloucestershire.
The couple had three children:
- Bernard Bruce, Lord of Connington and Exton, died circa 5 August 1266
- Beatrice de Brewes, married Hugh de Neville7, died before July 1273
- Sir Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale, born 1210, died 31 March 1295
The
death of Alexander III of Scotland in 1286 without a male heir, the
throne of Scotland had become the possession of the three-year old
Margaret, Maid of Norway, the granddaughter of the King. In 1290 the
Guardians of Scotland, who had been appointed to govern the realm
during the young Queen's minority, drew up the Treaty of Birgham, a
marriage contract between Margaret and the then five-year old Edward of
Caernarvon, the heir to the English throne. The treaty, amongst other
points, contained the provision that although any offspring of this
marriage would be heir to the crowns of both England and Scotland, the
latter kingdom should be "separate, apart and free in itself without
subjection to the English Kingdom".The intent, clearly, was to keep
Scotland as an independent entity. In early October the young Queen
died in Orkney on her way to Scotland, leaving Scotland without an
undisputed successor to the throne.
After8 this extinction of the senior line of the Scottish royal house (the line of William I of Scotland) David of Huntingdon's descendants were the primary candidates for the throne. The two most notable claimants to the throne, John Balliol and Robert (de Brus the 5th) himself represented descent through David's daughters Margaret and Isobel respectively. To avoid the catastrophe of open warfare between the Bruce and Balliol, the Guardians and other Scots magnates asked Edward I to intervene. Edward I gave judgment on the Scottish case on November 17, 1292 in favour of John Balliol, with his son Edward becoming heir designate. This decision had the support of the majority of Scots nobles and magnates, even a number of those appointed by Bruce as auditors. Of special note was the support of John II Comyn, another competitor and head of the most powerful baronial family in Scotland, who was married to Balliol's sister, Eleanor.
So, John Balliol became King of Scotland, reigning from 17 November 1292 – 10 July 1296. But, that was not the end of the story. This is a preamble to what happens as time move on.
After8 this extinction of the senior line of the Scottish royal house (the line of William I of Scotland) David of Huntingdon's descendants were the primary candidates for the throne. The two most notable claimants to the throne, John Balliol and Robert (de Brus the 5th) himself represented descent through David's daughters Margaret and Isobel respectively. To avoid the catastrophe of open warfare between the Bruce and Balliol, the Guardians and other Scots magnates asked Edward I to intervene. Edward I gave judgment on the Scottish case on November 17, 1292 in favour of John Balliol, with his son Edward becoming heir designate. This decision had the support of the majority of Scots nobles and magnates, even a number of those appointed by Bruce as auditors. Of special note was the support of John II Comyn, another competitor and head of the most powerful baronial family in Scotland, who was married to Balliol's sister, Eleanor.
So, John Balliol became King of Scotland, reigning from 17 November 1292 – 10 July 1296. But, that was not the end of the story. This is a preamble to what happens as time move on.
Sir Robert de Brus died at Lochmaben Castle and was buried at Guisborough Priory on 17 April 1295.
They had a son,
- Robert de Brus 6th Lord of Annandale, born in Writtle, Chelmsford, Essex, England.
The children of Robert de Brus 6th Lord of Annandal and Margaret, Countess of Carrick were:
- Edward de Bruce, 1st Earl and last of Carrick died 14 October 1318
- Sir Thomas Bruce died 9 February 1307
- Alexander Bruce died 9 February 1307
- Neil Bruce died circa September 1306
- Lady Mary Bruce died before 22 September 1323
- Lady Christina Bruce died 1356/57
- Margaret Bruce
- Matilda Bruce died between 1323 - 1329
- Robert I Bruce, King of Scotland born 11 July 1274, died 7 June 1329
- Isabella Bruce born circa 1275 died 1358
 Robert the Bruce King of Scots | Robert the
Bruce King of Scots,4 born 11 July 1274 in Writtle,
Chelmsford,
Essex, England, died 7 June 1329, was the son of Robert de Brus 6th
Lord of Annandale and Marjorie of Carrick. They had a
daughter, By this marriage he acquired the manors of Writtle and Hatfield Broadoak, Essex in England. He married, secondly, Lady Elizabeth de Burgh, daughter of Richard de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster and Margaret de Burgh, in 1302. He was created 1st Earl of Carrick [Scotland] on 27 October 1292. He succeeded to the title of Lord of Annandale between 1295 and 1304. He succeeded to the title of 2nd Lord Brus [E., 1297] circa April 1304. On 20 February 1305/6 he was attainted, and his English estates declared forfeit by King Edward I. He gained the title of King Robert I of Scotland on 25 March 1306. 2 He was crowned King of Scotland on 27 March 1306 at Scone Abbey, Scone, Perthshire, Scotland. He fought in the Battle of Bannockburn on 24 June 1314 at Bannockburn, Stirlingshire, Scotland. He died on 7 June 1329 at age 54 at Cardoss Castle, Cardross, Argyllshire, Scotland. He was buried at Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. |
- Sir Neil of Carrick died 17 October 1346
- Walter of Odistoun
- Christina of Carrick
- Robert Bruce, Baron of Liddesdale born between 1302 - 1314, died 12 August 1332
- Elizabeth Bruce born before 1327
- David II Bruce, King of Scotland b. 5 Mar 1323/24, d. 22 Feb 1370/71
- Margaret Bruce born before 1327, died bet 30 Mar 1346 - 9 Nov 1347
- Matilda Bruce born b 1327, d. 20 Jul 1353
- John Bruce b Oct 1327
- Marjorie Bruce, born December 1296 and died 2 March 1316. She married Robert Stewart 6th High Steward of Scotland. Her son succeeded his childless uncle David II of Scotland in 1371 as King Robert II. Her descendants include the House of Stuart and all their successors on the throne of Scotland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom.
Her mother, Isabella, a nineteen-year-old noblewoman from the
Clan Mar, died soon after giving birth to her. Her father was then the
Earl of Carrick, and her mother died the Countess of Carrick; she never
became Queen. Marjorie was named after her father's mother, Marjorie,
Countess of Carrick.
According to legend, her parents had been very much in love, and Robert the Bruce did not remarry until Marjorie was six years old. In 1302, a courtier named Elizabeth de Burgh became her stepmother.
On 27 March 1306, her father was crowned King of Scots at Scone, Perthshire, and Marjorie, then nine years old, became a Princess of Scotland.
 David II, King of Scotland | David II Bruce, King of Scotland11 was
born on 5 March 1323/24 at Dunfermline Palace, Dunfermline, Fife,
Scotland, the son of Robert I Bruce, King of Scotland and Lady
Elizabeth de Burgh. He married, first, Joanna 'of the Tower'
Plantagenet, daughter of Edward II, King of England and Isabelle de
France, on 17 July 1328 at Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, England.
He married, secondly, Margaret Drummond, daughter of Sir Malcolm
Drummond, 10th Thane of Lennox and Margaret de Graham, on 20 February
1363/64 at Inchmurdach Manor, Fife, Scotland. He and Margaret
Drummond were divorced circa 20 March 1370. He was crowned King of Scotland on 24 November 1331 at Scone Abbey, Scone, Perthshire, Scotland. He was deposed as King of Scotland in August 1332. He gained the title of King David II of Scotland in December 1332. He was deposed as King of Scotland in 1333. He gained the title of King David II of Scotland in 1336. In 1346 he attempted to invade England whilst Edward III was preoccupied with France and Phillip IV. Following a battle and rout at Neville's Cross near Durham, David was captured by the English on 17 October 1346, and held captive until the Treaty of Berwick was signed in October 1357. |
| He died unexpectedly on 22 February 1370/71 at age 46 at Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, without issue. He was buried at Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. He was succeeded by his nephew, Robert Stewart, the first Stewart King of Scotland. Robert, the hereditary High Steward of Scotland and grandson of Robert Bruce, is crowned. See Robert Stewart. | |
1 Wickipedia article, Lochmaben(Internet)
2Wickipedia article, Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale (Internet)
3 Wickipedia article, William de Brus, 3rd Lord (Internet)
4the Peerage, (Internet)
5The Battle of the Standard, sometimes called the Battle of Northallerton, in which English forces repelled a Scottish army, took place on 22 August 1138 on Cowton Moor near Northallerton in Yorkshire. The Scottish forces were led by King David I of Scotland. The English were commanded by William of Aumale. The Battle of the Standard Wickipedia article
6Geni (Internet)
7Wickipedia article, Robert IV de Brus, the Noble, (internet)
8Wickipedia article Robert V de Brus (Robert de Brus), 5th Lord of Annandale(Internet)
9the Peerage Alianore ___, She married, secondly, Sir Richard de Waleys from 2 December 1304 to 8 February 1305/6.2 She died between 13 April 1330 and 8 September 1330. From after 1292, her married name became le Brus. From from 2 December 1304 to 8 February 1305/6, her married name became de Waleys.
10Wickipedia article, Marjorie Bruce (Internet)
11the Peerage David II King of Scotland
Please check our links:
[ Main Page ] [ Genealogy Areas of Interest ] [ Guest Book] [ E-Mail Neale or Kathy ] [ Surnames We Research ] [ Argall ] [ Clay ] [Clifton] [ De Flanders ] [ De Longespee ] [ Farley ] [ Filmer ] [ Green ] [ Molyneux ] [ Scott ] [ Stewart ] [ Carolingians] [ Charlemagne ] [ Wessex] [ Normandy ] [ de Anjou ] [ Plantagenet ] |
|
Copyrighted © L. Neale Clifton 1997 - 2011 |
20 October 2011